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Église Saint Nicolas, Walter Maria Förderer, Hérémence, 1967-1971, Swiss Brutalism, © Karin Bürki/Heartbrut. Explore more on Heartbrut.com

Église Saint Nicolas

Picture of Words & Photography: Karin Bürki

Words & Photography: Karin Bürki

The concrete church of Saint Nicolas in the Valais mountain village of Hérémence, designed by Walter Maria Förderer, is considered the undisputed Matterhorn of Swiss Brutalism.

Inaugurated on 31 October 1971, the 17-metre-high church massif, which extends over several plateaus, appears to have been carved out of the rock with its numerous openings, nooks and crannies. It is a revelation, and not just for lovers of exposed concrete. No wonder the awe-inspiring combination of Gesamtkunstwerk and multi-purpose building has been declared a national monument. A pilgrimage.

The ascent to the sacred icon begins in a more secular way. The base houses a bar, a village shop, a post office and a public toilet. Weather-beaten chalets line the narrow street. A concrete staircase leads up to the exposed central plateau. A fountain of interlocking concrete blocks gurgles in the centre. It is decorated with shocking pink geraniums, carefully arranged in Eternit planters by Willy Guhl. The draughty esplanade is also the location of the church’s slightly hidden main entrance. Before entering, it is worth having a moment’s rest, because you are about to be blown away.

The monumental interior is a revelation, even for the hardboiled and unbelieving. The vast, grotto-like, hexagonal space can hold 1000 people. Expressionist concrete structures immediately catch the eye. Indirect light falling through strategically placed openings in the jagged ceiling adds an extra sense of spine-tingling excitement. The liturgical elements are made of wood and embody the open and inclusive spirit of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965). Along the walls and ceiling, wooden frames absorb the noise and frame paintings from the old church. You cannot help but fall to your knees, such is the architectural power of this Gesamtkunstwerk. No miracles were needed for Förderer’s masterpiece to be quickly granted national heritage status.

But the journey does not end there. An outside staircase leads to Rue d’Église, where the post bus stop and access to the church tower are located. This is where Förderer shows his pragmatic and service-oriented side. As well as housing a library, the tower has a viewing platform at the top. It offers a sweeping view of the village, the white earth pyramids of Euseigne across the valley, the snow-capped Dent Blanche and other high Alpine peaks.

The Romantics would have taken great delight in Förderer’s sublime erratic block. In the jagged rock formations, winding staircases and sacred caves, they collide, the great Helvetic scenes of longing, myth and modernity, mountains and concrete. Whatever the future holds, the concrete heart and soul of Hérémence will continue to beat, strong, indestructible and beautiful. Amen.

In 1946, an earthquake destroyed the old church. The municipality announced a competition for a replacement building. The jury chose Walter Maria Förderer’s project. The Basel-based sculptor and architect had made an international name for himself with a series of eye-catching, expressive designs in exposed concrete and was considered a luminary of sacral brutalism. Those who commissioned Förderer were not interested in profane churches, but expected nothing less than the modern trinity of an unconditional confession of faith, a total work of art and a pragmatic multi-purpose building.
Hérémence was already familiar with monumental concrete structures. At the end of the valley, the Grande Dixence was built between 1951 and 1961. At 285 metres high, it is still the highest gravity dam in the world. The local construction companies had accumulated a wealth of know-how. There was plenty of rubble in the quarry above the reservoir that could be used to build the church. Water rates brought good money to the valley. Instead of sparking fears, concrete promised economic prosperity. Almost unanimously approved by the parishioners in 1966, the church was built between 1967 and 1971.

© Karin Bürki/Heartbrut

© Karin Bürki/Heartbrut

082121-BUENDNERKUNSTMUSEUMCHUR-©-KARINBUERKI-HEARTBRUT-1
Flamatt II, Atelier 5, Wünnewil-Flamatt, Canton of Fribourg 1961. A Swiss pioneer of brutalist architecture © Karin Bürki. Explore more on Heartbrut.com
St Anthony's Church, Antoniuskirche, Karl Moser, Basel, © Karin Bürki/Heartbrut. Explore more on Heartbrut.com
Masonry Hall, Maurerhalle, Hermann Baur, Basel, Swiss brutalism, © Karin Bürki/Heartbrut. Explore more on Heartbrut.com